Devika Rani
is still remembered even today as the first
lady of the Indian screen. The grand niece
of Rabindranath Tagore and truly a great
beauty, she left for London in the 1920s
to study architecture. There she met Himansu Rai and
agreed to design the sets of his first production
Light of Asia (1925). They got married
and after marriage they left for Germany
where Rai made A Throw of Dice (1929)
in collaboration with Germany's famous UFA
Studio. Rai made a bilingual Karma (1933)
with Devika Rani in the lead and the two
came to India. Here Rai and Devika Rani set
up the famous Bombay Talkies Studio. Under
the painstaking supervision of Himansu Rai,
it purchased the most modern equipment from
Germany. Franz Osten, director and a handful
of technicians came down from England and
Germany. By 1935, stream of Hindi productions
began to emerge from Bombay Talkies Ltd.
beginning with Jawani ki Hawa (1935),
a murder mystery. Devika Rani played the
lead in most of these early productions.
Their films were of a high technical standard
and had a glossy look to them reminiscent
of the films of MGM. (Devika Rani was lit
up in a manner not unlike Greta Garbo!)
Devika Rani formed a successful team with Ashok Kumar,
which ironically started due to a scandal
as she eloped with her hero of Jawani
ki Hawa, Najam-ul-Hussain. Rai found
her and got her to come back and forgave
her but not Hussain and Bombay Talkies Ltd.
needed a new leading man. Rai's eyes fell
on his laboratory assistant, Ashok Kumar.
The two of them starred in a series of
films starting with Jeevan Naiya (1936)
but it was Achut Kanya (1936), which
capitulated Devika Rani and Ashok Kumar
to big time fame. The love story between
an untouchable girl and a Brahmin boy was
both a critical and commercial success with
critics going in raptures over Devika's
performance. The Times of India described
her acting as...
"…a performance never seen or
equalled on the Indian screen. It is absolutely
inspired…a real gem of pure acting
which places her at the head of India's
screen stars, which Garbo herself could
hardly surpass."
Going with the trend she even sang her
own songs in films with Main Ban ki Chidiya
with Ashok Kumar from Achut Kanya
remembered till today.
Devika Rani continued acting till 1943
and when Rai died in 1940 she took over
the reins at Bombay Talkies. Among her discoveries
at Bombay Talkies was Dilip
Kumar. But eventually the economics
of filmmaking and tussles with other studio
executives led her to take voluntary retirement.
She married famed Russian painter Svetoslav
Roerich and stayed at their huge estate
near Bangalore in South India.
For her contribution to Indian Cinema,
Devika Rani was the first ever recipient
of the prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke award
in 1970. She remained in Bangalore till
her death in 1994.
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